Florian Thiery Florian Thiery This ontology contains classes to describe data from Linked Ogham Data. Florian Thiery CC BY 4.0 ogham Ogham Ontology Ogham Ontology 1.0 16/05/2021 This ontology contains classes to describe data from Linked Ogham Data. alias alias Recommended best practice is to identify the resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system. Identifier disclosed at Logainm Match Open Street Map Match place of interest (POI) c.f. https://www.ogc.org/standards/geosparql, 1.0, OGC GeoSPARQL - A Geographic Query Language for RDF Data, 11-052r4, Annex B, B.1 townlands.ie Match carries has centroid geometry has clustered area equals exact match has AMT node has collection has EPSG code a geometry in a EPSG code hast exact geometry c.f. https://www.ogc.org/standards/geosparql, 1.0, OGC GeoSPARQL - A Geographic Query Language for RDF Data, 11-052r4, Annex B, B.1 has location has point geometry c.f. https://www.ogc.org/standards/geosparql, 1.0, OGC GeoSPARQL - A Geographic Query Language for RDF Data, 11-052r4, Annex B, B.1 has type identified as last recored is located at orig geometry references representative point shows st_within() This property is used to state the (conceptual) belonging of a TX8 Grapheme to a given TX3 Writing System. TXP7 has item has geometry hat Geometrie same as The property that determines that two given individuals are equal. has exact match acted on behalf of Delegation is the assignment of authority and responsibility to an agent (by itself or by another agent) to carry out a specific activity as a delegate or representative, while the agent it acts on behalf of retains some responsibility for the outcome of the delegated work. used Usage is the beginning of utilizing an entity by an activity. Before usage, the activity had not begun to utilize this entity and could not have been affected by the entity. was associated with An activity association is an assignment of responsibility to an agent for an activity, indicating that the agent had a role in the activity. It further allows for a plan to be specified, which is the plan intended by the agent to achieve some goals in the context of this activity. was attributed to Attribution is the ascribing of an entity to an agent. was derived from A derivation is a transformation of an entity into another, an update of an entity resulting in a new one, or the construction of a new entity based on a pre-existing entity. was generated by Generation is the completion of production of a new entity by an activity. This entity did not exist before generation and becomes available for usage after this generation. was informed by Communication is the exchange of some unspecified entity by two activities, one activity using some entity generated by the other. exact match (URLs only) used to link two items, indicating a high degree of confidence that the concepts can be used interchangeably completeness context current location current setting depth discovery scientist discovery year form height status height irish grid reference label barony label country label county label province label townland label (uppercase) language preservation preservation (note) reference work example: ['ogham:Y10000007', 'ogham:Y20000125', 'ogham:macalister_1945:104', 'ogham:cisp:COOGH/1'] reference list scientist scientist year script site code site type SMR number thickness staus thickness translation width status width als GeoJSON as GeoJSON als well-known-text as well-known-text ended at time End is when an activity is deemed to have been ended by an entity, known as trigger. The activity no longer exists after its end. Any usage, generation, or invalidation involving an activity precedes the activity's end. An end may refer to a trigger entity that terminated the activity, or to an activity, known as ender that generated the trigger. started at time Start is when an activity is deemed to have been started by an entity, known as trigger. The activity did not exist before its start. Any usage, generation, or invalidation involving an activity follows the activity's start. A start may refer to a trigger entity that set off the activity, or to an activity, known as starter, that generated the trigger. A node which is part of a triple with a vague edge. Concept A vague edge which is part of a triple. Role Academic Meta Tool Entity Actor Actor Entity Barony Book Civil Parish County Electoral Devision Formula Word Geographic Location Information Carrier Inscription Island Material Nomenclature Word Ogham Collection Ogham Name Ogham Site Ogham Stone Ogham Stone Concept (RAS Macalister) Ogham Stone Concept (CISP Database) Ogham Stone Concept (Ogham in 3D Project) Ogham Stone Concept (Research Squirrel Ogham Project) Ogham Tribe Ogham Person Place Place Collection Province Reading Reference Chain Repository Research Software Engineer Sandstone State Stone (Material) Townland Word This class comprises all things in the universe of discourse of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model. It is an abstract concept providing for three general properties: 1. Identification by name or appellation, and in particular by a preferred identifier 2. Classification by type, allowing further refinement of the specific subclass an instance belongs to 3. Attachment of free text for the expression of anything not captured by formal properties With the exception of E59 Primitive Value, all other classes within the CRM are directly or indirectly specialisations of E1 CRM Entity. CRM Entity CRM Entität CRM Сущность CRM实体 Entidade CRM Entité CRM Οντότητα CIDOC CRM This class comprises physical objects purposely created by human activity. No assumptions are made as to the extent of modification required to justify regarding an object as man-made. For example, an inscribed piece of rock or a preserved butterfly are both regarded as instances of E22 Man-Made Object. Künstlicher Gegenstand Man-Made Object Objet fabriqué Objeto Fabricado Ανθρωπογενές Αντικείμενο Рукотворный Объект 人造物件 This class comprises all persistent physical items that are purposely created by human activity. This class comprises man-made objects, such as a swords, and man-made features, such as rock art. No assumptions are made as to the extent of modification required to justify regarding an object as man-made. For example, a “cup and ring” carving on bedrock is regarded as instance of E24 Physical Man-Made Thing. Chose matérielle fabriquée Coisa Material Fabricada Hergestelltes Physical Man-Made Thing Ανθρωπογενές Υλικό Πράγμα Физическая Рукотворная Вещь 人造实体物 This class comprises physical features that are purposely created by human activity, such as scratches, artificial caves, artificial water channels, etc. No assumptions are made as to the extent of modification required to justify regarding a feature as man-made. For example, rock art or even “cup and ring” carvings on bedrock a regarded as types of E25 Man-Made Feature. Man-Made Feature This class comprises people, either individually or in groups, who have the potential to perform intentional actions of kinds for which someone may be held responsible. The CRM does not attempt to model the inadvertent actions of such actors. Individual people should be documented as instances of E21 Person, whereas groups should be documented as instances of either E74 Group or its subclass E40 Legal Body. Actor Agent Agente Akteur Δράστης Агент 角色 This class comprises extents in space, in particular on the surface of the earth, in the pure sense of physics: independent from temporal phenomena and matter. The instances of E53 Place are usually determined by reference to the position of “immobile” objects such as buildings, cities, mountains, rivers, or dedicated geodetic marks. A Place can be determined by combining a frame of reference and a location with respect to this frame. It may be identified by one or more instances of E44 Place Appellation. It is sometimes argued that instances of E53 Place are best identified by global coordinates or absolute reference systems. However, relative references are often more relevant in the context of cultural documentation and tend to be more precise. In particular, we are often interested in position in relation to large, mobile objects, such as ships. For example, the Place at which Nelson died is known with reference to a large mobile object – H.M.S Victory. A resolution of this Place in terms of absolute coordinates would require knowledge of the movements of the vessel and the precise time of death, either of which may be revised, and the result would lack historical and cultural relevance. Any object can serve as a frame of reference for E53 Place determination. The model foresees the notion of a "section" of an E19 Physical Object as a valid E53 Place determination. Lieu Local Ort Place Τόπος Место 地点 This class comprises concepts denoted by terms from thesauri and controlled vocabularies used to characterize and classify instances of CRM classes. Instances of E55 Type represent concepts in contrast to instances of E41 Appellation which are used to name instances of CRM classes. E55 Type is the CRM’s interface to domain specific ontologies and thesauri. These can be represented in the CRM as subclasses of E55 Type, forming hierarchies of terms, i.e. instances of E55 Type linked via P127 has broader term (has narrower term). Such hierarchies may be extended with additional properties. Tipo Type Type Typus Τύπος Тип 类型 Event This class comprises visible set of symbols (glyphs or graphs) intentionally traced (i.e. “written”) on some kind of physical support by using specific techniques and having semiotic significance and the purpose of conveying a message towards a given addressee or group of addressees. TX1 Written Text Subclass of E29 Design or Procedure refers to a conventional system consisting of a set of signs (graphemes, TX8) used to codify a natural language, by means of specific rules in the combination and phonological value assignment of the chosen graphemes. As each code, a writing systems requires shared understanding between writers and readers allowing the transmission of the message. It is used to produce a TX1 Written Text during a TX2 Writing event. TX3 Writing System Subclass of the S4 Observation, referring to the semiotic procedure of decoding (and therefore understanding) a written text. This procedure can be carried out for scientific purposes, in order to analyse and study the text according to different disciplinary perspectives. The reading activity, thus, is intended as a specific observation (S4) in which the decoding of the signs is performed, i.e. the linguistic value is recognised and the message is understood. Cases in which decoding does not happen (e.g., the observer is able to describe the signs but not to assign a specific linguist value to them), the S4 class could be used as it is. For study purposes, the reading procedure requires a scientific autoptic examination of the text as preparatory action for the study. An autoptic examination consists of an accurate analysis of the surface and the signs and prescribes the use of specific tools and procedures, for establishing as faithfully as possible the exact value of each sign drawn on the physical feature. TX5 Reading Subclass of E7 Activity, referring to the activity of re-writing the text conducted by an editor. This operation could involve a writing system (TX3) different from that of the original text, implying a transposition of the sounds of a language from a writing system to another one (e.g., Latin letters to render a Mycenaean text). For scientific purposes, this operation often consists in a ‘transliteration’, because it implies a 1:1 relation between the signs of the two writing systems. The P16 used specific object (was used for) property can be used to specify the role of the original graphemes during the commuting operations. TX6 Transcription Subclass of TX1 Written Text intended to identify portions of text considered to be of particular significance by scholars, as witnesses of a certain meaning or bearers of a particular phenomenon relevant to the investigation, study and understanding of the ancient text. Examples of such text portions are: columns, fragments, sections, paragraphs, as well as single words or letters, or other components of the written text. To each of these entities can be associated a single production event (TX2) or destruction event (E6), as in the case of letters or words damaged or worn by atmospheric agents or human interventions, as well as specific conditions (E3) for documenting its status during the observation process (S4). The relationship between a written text (TX1) and its components is documented through the TXP4 has segment property. TX7 Written Text Segment Subclass of E90 Symbolic Object used to represent the abstract units with distinctive value in a given writing system. A grapheme is a character or sequence of characters that functions as a distinct unit within an orthography. It may be a single character, a multigraph, or a diacritic, but in all cases graphemes are defined in relation to the particular orthography. Most graphemes represent a single phoneme, but some represent a sequence of phonemes. For instance, the character sequence ‹ch› is often used to represent the phoneme /tʃ/ in English, while the single letter ‹x› usually represents the phoneme sequence /ks/. In a highly phonemic writing system, there is a close correspondence between graphemes and phonemes. English (written with Latin script) is an example of a writing system that is not highly phonemic, and therefore the mappings between graphemes and phonemes are more complex. Graphemes are often written enclosed in angle brackets (‹›). TX8 Grapheme This class comprises identifiable immaterial items that can be represented as sets of bit sequences, such as data sets, e-texts, images, audio or video items, software, etc., and are documented as single units. Any aggregation of instances of D1 Digital Object into a whole treated as single unit is also regarded as an instance of D1 Digital Object. This means that for instance, the content of a DVD, an XML file on it, and an element of this file, are regarded as distinct instances of D1 Digital Object, mutually related by the P106 is composed of (forms part of) property. A D1 Digital Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously. Digital Object (D1) Feature Geometry The class represents the top-level geometry type. This class is equivalent to the UML class GM_Object defined in ISO 19107, and it is superclass of all geometry types. Spatial Object Geometry is the root class of the hierarchy. The instantiable subclasses of Geometry are restricted to 0, 1 and 2-dimensional geometric objects that exist in 2, 3 or 4-dimensional coordinate space (R2, R3 or R4). Geometry values in R2 have points with coordinate values for x and y. Geometry values in R3 have points with coordinate values for x, y and z or for x, y and m. Geometry values in R4 have points with coordinate values for x, y, z and m. The interpretation of the coordinates is subject to the coordinate reference systems associated to the point. All coordinates within a geometry object should be in the same coordinate reference systems. Each coordinate shall be unambiguously associated to a coordinate reference system either directly or through its containing geometry. The z coordinate of a point is typically, but not necessarily, represents altitude or elevation. The m coordinate represents a measurement. All Geometry classes described in this specification are defined so that instances of Geometry are topologically closed, i.e. all represented geometries include their boundary as point sets. This does not affect their representation, and open version of the same classes may be used in other circumstances, such as topological representations. Geometry A MultiLineString is a MultiCurve whose elements are LineStrings. Multi Line String A MultiPoint is a 0-dimensional GeometryCollection. The elements of a MultiPoint are restricted to Points. ThePoints are not connected or ordered in any semantically important way. A MultiPoint is simple if no two Points in the MultiPoint are equal (have identical coordinate values in X and Y). Every MultiPoint is spatially equal to a simple Multipoint. The boundary of a MultiPoint is the empty set. Mulit Point A MultiPolygon is a MultiSurface whose elements are Polygons. The assertions for MultiPolygons are as follows. a) The interiors of 2 Polygons that are elements of a MultiPolygon may not intersect. b) The boundaries of any 2 Polygons that are elements of a MultiPolygon may not cross and may touch at only a finite number of Points. c) A MultiPolygon is defined as topologically closed. d) A MultiPolygon may not have cut lines, spikes or punctures, a MultiPolygon is a regular closed Point set, e) The interior of a MultiPolygon with more than 1 Polygon is not connected; the number of connected components of the interior of a MultiPolygon is equal to the number of Polygons in the MultiPolygon. The boundary of a MultiPolygon is a set of closed Curves (LineStrings) corresponding to the boundaries of its element Polygons. Each Curve in the boundary of the MultiPolygon is in the boundary of exactly 1 element Polygon, and every Curve in the boundary of an element Polygon is in the boundary of the MultiPolygon. Multi Polygon A Point is a 0-dimensional geometric object and represents a single location in coordinate space. A Point has an x-coordinate value, a y-coordinate value. If called for by the associated Spatial Reference System, it may also have coordinate values for z and m. The boundary of a Point is the empty set. Point Property Class Thing The class of OWL individuals. The class skos:Concept is the class of SKOS concepts. A SKOS concept can be viewed as an idea or notion; a unit of thought. However, what constitutes a unit of thought is subjective, and this definition is meant to be suggestive, rather than restrictive. The notion of a SKOS concept is useful when describing the conceptual or intellectual structure of a knowledge organization system, and when referring to specific ideas or meanings established within a KOS. Concept Activity Agent Entity An entity is a physical, digital, conceptual, or other kind of thing with some fixed aspects; entities may be real or imaginary. Organisation Person Software Agent Repository literary work The Group class represents a collection of individual agents (and may itself play the role of a Agent, ie. something that can perform actions). Group Organisation The Person class represents people. Something is a Person if it is a person. We don't nitpic about whether they're alive, dead, real, or imaginary. The Person class is a sub-class of the Agent class, since all people are considered 'agents' in FOAF. Person Project Places are instances of skos:Concept as well as contexts for Locations and Names. Pleiades Place Resource The class resource, everything. Florian Thiery _run_py3.py python Python Create Script for Ogi Ogham Data Research Squirrel Engineers Celtic Inscribed Stones Project (CISP) Ogham Alphabet Ogham Char Ogham in 3D Project Ogham Squirrel Project Brash, R. R. (1879) The Ogam Inscribed Monuments of the Gaedhil in the British Isles. London. Brash (1879) Brindley, A, Kilfeather, A. (1993), An Archaeological Inventory of County Carlow, Dublin: Stationery Office. Brindley / Kilfeather (1993) Cuppage, J. et al (1986) Archaeological Survey of the Dingle Peninsula. Ballyferrier: Oidrheacht Chorca Dhuibhne. Cuppage (1986) Ferguson, S. (1887) Ogham Inscriptions in Ireland, Wales and Scotland: Edinburgh. Ferguson (1887) Macalister, R. A. S. (1897) Studies in Irish Epigraphy. A Collection of Revised Readings of the Ancient Inscriptions of Ireland, with Introduction and Notes. Part I. London: David Nutt. Macalister (1897) Macalister, R. A. S. (1902) Studies in Irish Epigraphy. A Collection of Revised Readings of the Ancient Inscriptions of Ireland, with Introduction and Notes. Part II. London: David Nutt. Macalister (1902) Macalister, R. A. S. (1907) Studies in Irish Epigraphy. A Collection of Revised Readings of the Ancient Inscriptions of Ireland, with Introduction and Notes Part III. London: David Nutt. Macalister (1907) Macalister, R.A.S. (1909) The Memorial Slabs of Clonmacnois, King's County. Dublin. Macalister (1909) Macalister, R. A. S. (1945) Corpus Inscriptionum Insularum Celticarum Vol. I. Dublin: Stationery Office. Macalister (1945) Macalister, R. A. S. (1949) Corpus Inscriptionum Insularum Celticarum Vol. II. Dublin: Stationery Office. Macalister (1949) McManus, D. (1991) A Guide to Ogam Maynooth Monographs 4. Maynooth: An Sagart. McManus (1991) Okasha, E. and Forsyth, K. (2001) Early Christian Inscriptions of Munster. A Corpus of the Inscribed Stones. Cork: Cork University Press. Okasha / Forsyth (2001) O'Sullivan, A., Sheehan, J. (1996) The Iveragh Peninsula. An Archaeological Survey of South Kerry. Cork: Cork University Press. O'Sullivan (1996) Petrie, G. (1872) Christian Inscriptions in the Irish Language, M. Stokes (ed.), Vol. 1. Dublin: Royal Historical and Archaeological Association. Petrie (1872) Power, D, E. Byrne, U. Egan, S. Lane and M.Sleeman (1992) Archaeological Inventory of County Cork Volume 1: West Cork. Dublin: Stationery Office. Power / Byrne / Egan / Lane / Sleeman (1992) Power, D., E. Byrne, U. Egan, S. Lane and M.Sleeman (1997) Archaeological Inventory of County Cork Volume 3: Mid Cork. Dublin: Stationery Office. Power / Byrne / Egan / Lane / Sleeman (1997) Raftery, B. (1960) `National Museum of Ireland, Arch. acquisitions 1958' Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland 90: 1--40. Raftery (1960) Celtic Inscribed Stones Project (Wikidata) Ogham in 3D Project (Wikidata) Corpus Inscriptionum Insularum Celticarum Vol.1 (Wikidata) Florian Thiery (ORCID) A human-readable name for the subject. label